WORKBOOK 3

This page could be found on VCNA's website but suddenly disappeared. Since we think it contains some useful information we have put a copy of it here on our website. Volvo 164 Club of Sweden, January 15, 2001.

PARTS FAMILIARIZATION WORKBOOK NO. 3
700
Section 2: Drivetrain/Brakes

The 700 uses both a mechanical or hydraulic linkage to operate the clutch on manual transmission Models.

As a quick reference, listed below is a recap by engine type:

Engine	Hydraulic	Mechanical
B-28F	x
B-23FT	x
B-23OFT	x
B-28OF	x
B-23OF		x
D-24T		x

Hydraulic clutch systems are favored over mechanical systems because they provide smoother and quieter operation. Do you remember which North American Volvo cars was the first to use a hydraulic clutch system? The answer is at the end of this section!

The M-46 manual transmission (four-speed plus overdrive) was first available on cars equipped with the D-24T. It was also installed on the 700 with the B-23FT, B-230F, and B-230FT engines. It was never available with the B-28F.

Two types of units are installed: type J or type P -- and many of the parts are different.

TIP: The B-230FT with the M-46 is fitted with the Type P overdrive unit because of the increased engine power. Usually, all other engines with the M-46 have Type J. To be certain, a plate on the lower right side of the overdrive unit under the car indicates the type. Automatic transmission has proved to be more popular with the 700 than with any other earlier cars. The automatics that were installed on 1983 through 1987 models are the AW70, AW71 and the ZF4HP22. The AW transmissions should be familiar to you because they are covered in Workbook No. 2.

The ZF automatic transmission (mentioned in Workbook No. 2 under "steering") is similar to the AW71. The ZF contains a lock-up internal clutch that engages at 53 miles per hour/85 kilometers per hour and eliminates the slip and power loss that normally occurs in the torque converter. The propeller shaft (driveshaft) is very similar to the design used on the 240. The shaft is a combination of three universal joints, two shafts and a center bearing. Listed below are the two versions of the propeller shafts:

Propeller	Measurement
shaft	A	B	C
02HD	1.445" 36.7 mm	1.787" 45.4 mm	1.752" 44.5 mm
03HD	1.626" 41.3 mm	2.012" 51.1 mm	2.00" 44.5 mm

The 02HD and 03HD are not part numbers! These alphabetical-numerical (alphanumeric) symbols are engineering designations.

The rear axle assembly comes in two versions (1030 for standard, 1031 for heavy duty) with a label attached indicating the ratio (3.54) and assembly number (1216091).

The propeller shaft and rear axle assembly are a matched set. Each drivetrain set is closely matched to the characteristics of a particular Volvo engine.

Brakes

The four-wheel, power disc brake system on the 140, 160, 240 and 260 was improved and carried over to the 700. New single-piston sliding brake calipers further improved the system by concentrating the brake cylinders on one side of the brake disc. This makes for a more compact caliper and leaves space for a steering unit with optimized geometry.

Three manufacturers of calipers have been fitted: Girling and DBA in front and ATE or Girling in the rear. The service plate in the car indicates the manufacturer of both front and rear calipers on a specific car. NOTE: ATE rear calipers are marked on the piston housing with the diameter of the piston (34, 36, 38, 40). This marking is used to identify the exact caliper or repair kit needed. The triangular split braking system, stepped-bore master cylinder, vacuum pump, brake proportioning valves for the rear wheels, and cable operated parking brake are a part of every 700 through to the 1987 model year. The 1987 780 and selected 760 models were the first Volvos to have anti-lock braking system (ABS) brakes. It is a braking system that prevents wheel lock-up. This system controls the front wheels individually and the rear wheels together.

The system is designed to provide the shortest possible braking distance combined with directional stability. Parts for the ABS are listed separately, and as you can see below, they are very different from the more familiar system used on all other 700 cars.

ABS probably will be installed on more Volvos in the future, so it is a good idea to learn about this system. The 740/760 1987 New Car Features booklet contains a section about the operation of the ABS.